1.安装一个包# rpm -ivh2.升级一个包# rpm -Uvh3.删除一个包# rpm -e

不检查依赖性关系

rpm -ivh --nodeps

强制安装

rpm -ivh --force --nodeps

rpm -ivh --prefix=/opt/usr your.rpm

rpm xxx.rpm --relocate=/usr=/opt/usr --relocate=/etc=/usr/etc

查询一个包是否被安装

[root@database ~]# rpm -q mysqlmysql-5.0.77-3.el5mysql-5.0.77-3.el5

安装的包的信息

[root@database ~]# rpm -qi nginxName        : nginx                        Relocations: (not relocatable)Version     : 0.6.39                            Vendor: Fedora ProjectRelease     : 2.el5                         Build Date: Sat 05 Dec 2009 05:31:02 AM HKTInstall Date: Mon 28 Dec 2009 02:36:36 PM HKT      Build Host: x86-6.fedora.phx.redhat.comGroup       : System Environment/Daemons    Source RPM: nginx-0.6.39-2.el5.src.rpmSize        : 772477                           License: BSDSignature   : DSA/SHA1, Mon 07 Dec 2009 07:06:40 AM HKT, Key ID 119cc036217521f6Packager    : Fedora ProjectURL         : http://nginx.net/Summary     : Robust, small and high performance http and reverse proxy serverDescription :Nginx [engine x] is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse proxy and IMAP/POP3proxy server written by Igor Sysoev.One third party module, nginx-upstream-fair, has been added.

列出该包中有哪些文件

[root@database ~]# rpm -ql cacti.noarch |more/etc/cacti/etc/cacti/db.php/etc/cron.d/cacti/etc/httpd/conf.d/cacti.conf/etc/logrotate.d/cacti/usr/share/cacti/usr/share/cacti/about.php/usr/share/cacti/auth_changepassword.php/usr/share/cacti/auth_login.php/usr/share/cacti/cdef.php/usr/share/cacti/cmd.php/usr/share/cacti/color.php/usr/share/cacti/data_input.php/usr/share/cacti/data_queries.php/usr/share/cacti/data_sources.php/usr/share/cacti/data_templates.php/usr/share/cacti/gprint_presets.php/usr/share/cacti/graph.php/usr/share/cacti/graph_image.php/usr/share/cacti/graph_settings.php/usr/share/cacti/graph_templates.php/usr/share/cacti/graph_templates_inputs.php/usr/share/cacti/graph_templates_items.php

列出一个文件属于哪一个RPM包

[root@database ~]# rpm -qf /usr/bin/svnsubversion-1.4.2-4.el5_3.1

rpm -q --qf '%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n' \gccgcc-c++rpm -qa --qf '%{NAME} %{VENDOR}\n'

列出所有被安装的RPM包

[root@database ~]# rpm -qa |morepciutils-devel-2.2.3-7.el5rmt-0.4b41-4.el5bsh-manual-1.3.0-9jpp.1libgcc-4.1.2-46.el5libICE-1.0.1-2.1popt-1.10.2.3-18.el5libXau-1.0.1-3.1nspr-4.7.4-1.el5_3.1libjpeg-6b-37libogg-1.1.3-3.el5libXdmcp-1.0.1-2.1iproute-2.6.18-10.el5libraw1394-1.3.0-1.el5libbonobo-2.16.0-1.fc6libavc1394-0.5.3-1.fc6ttmkfdir-3.0.9-23.el5cdrecord-2.01-10.7.el5grep-2.5.1-55.el5dmidecode-2.9-1.el5nspr-4.7.4-1.el5_3.1ncurses-5.5-24.20060715libgcrypt-1.4.4-5.el5keyutils-libs-1.2-1.el5

rpm -q --changelog openssl-1.0.1e

$ rpm -q --changelog openssl-1.0.1e | grep -B 1 CVE-2014-0160* Tue Apr 08 2014 Tomáš Mráz 
      
        1.0.1e-34- fix CVE-2014-0160 - information disclosure in TLS heartbeat extension