hadoop 0.23开始添加了yarn（MRv2）模块，文件结构也发生了较大的变化。以下就安装部署流程详细记录一下。
安装环境：
- 系统：Ubuntu 12.10
- hadoop：0.23.6
- jdk：sun 1.7.0_21
安装步骤：
一.安装JDK
安装 orcale jdk，并且配置环境以及设置成默认（略）
检查jdk是否正确安装和配置
在主目录下执行java -version
如果出现下面类似结果则ok
hadoop@ubuntu:~$ java -version
java version "1.7.0_21"Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_21-b11)Java HotSpot(TM) Server VM (build 23.21-b01, mixed mode) 二.安装hadoop
1.下载:
2.安装
tar -zxvf hadoop-0.23.6.tar.gz
mv hadoop /opt/
cd /opt
sudo ln -s /opt/hadoop-0.23.6 /opt/hadoop
三.安装ssh server
sudo apt-get install openssh-server
四.添加hadoop用户
为了方便hadoop的管理，最好添加一个单独的用户来管理hadoop，例如添加hadoop用户
执行以下命令
sudo adduser hadoop
然后会提示输入密码，设置好密码就可以了
这时候只要执行
su hadoop
输入密码后就可以切换到hadoop用户下
注：
为了使hadoop帐号下能够sudo，建议做以下添加
在：
%sudo ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL 后添加
hadoop ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
五.配置本机ssh无密码登录
hadoop@ubuntu:~$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -P ""
hadoop@ubuntu:~$ cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
测试：
hadoop@ubuntu:~$ ssh localhostWelcome to Ubuntu 12.10 (GNU/Linux 3.5.0-17-generic i686) * Documentation: https://help.ubuntu.com/340 packages can be updated.105 updates are security updates.Last login: Thu Apr 18 07:18:03 2013 from localhost 六.配置Hadoop
chown -R hadoop:hadoop /opt/hadoop
chown -R hadoop:hadoop /opt/hadoop-0.23.6
su hadoop
1. 配置jdk及hadoop环境变量
在~/.bashrc文件里追加
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun
export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jreexport HADOOP_HOME=/opt/hadoopexport CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/libexport PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$PATHexport HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=$HADOOP_HOMEexport HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=$HADOOP_HOMEexport HADOOP_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoopexport YARN_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop 2. Hadoop文件配置
hadoop@ubuntu:~$ cd /opt/hadoop/etc/hadoop/
hadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop/etc/hadoop$ vi yarn-env.sh
追加以下配置
export HADOOP_FREFIX=/opt/hadoop
export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=${HADOOP_FREFIX}export HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=${HADOOP_FREFIX}export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_FREFIX/binexport PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_FREFIX/sbinexport HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=${HADOOP_FREFIX}export YARN_HOME=${HADOOP_FREFIX}export HADOOP_CONF_HOME=${HADOOP_FREFIX}/etc/hadoopexport YARN_CONF_DIR=${HADOOP_FREFIX}/etc/hadoopvi core-site.xml
fs.defaultFS hdfs://localhost:12200 hadoop.tmp.dir /opt/hadoop/hadoop-root fs.arionfs.impl org.apache.hadoop.fs.pvfs2.Pvfs2FileSystem The FileSystem for arionfs.
hadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop/etc/hadoop$ vi hdfs-site.xml
dfs.namenode.name.dir file:/opt/hadoop/data/dfs/name true dfs.namenode.data.dir file:/opt/hadoop/data/dfs/data true dfs.replication 1 dfs.permission false
hadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop/etc/hadoop$ vi mapred-site.xml
mapreduce.framework.name yarn mapreduce.job.tracker hdfs://localhost:9001 true mapreduce.map.memory.mb 1536 mapreduce.map.java.opts -Xmx1024M mapreduce.reduce.memory.mb 3072 mapreduce.reduce.java.opts -Xmx2560M mapreduce.task.io.sort.mb 512 mapreduce.task.io.sort.factor 100 mapreduce.reduce.shuffle.parallelcopies 50 mapreduce.system.dir file:/opt/hadoop/data/mapred/system mapreduce.local.dir file:/opt/hadoop/data/mapred/local true
hadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop/etc/hadoop$ vi yarn-site.xml
yarn.nodemanager.aux-services mapreduce.shuffle yarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce.shuffle.class org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler mapreduce.framework.name yarn user.name hadoop yarn.resourcemanager.address localhost:54311 yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address localhost:54312 yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address localhost:54313 yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address localhost:54314 yarn.web-proxy.address localhost:54315 mapred.job.tracker localhost
到此所有配置完成,其中上述的localhost可以改成成本机的ip或者host，至于配置里面的属性待后续相关文章叙述。
七.启动并运行wordcount程序
1.设置JAVA_HOME
hadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop$ vi libexec/hadoop-config.sh在if [[ -z $JAVA_HOME ]]; then # On OSX use java_home (or /Library for older versions) if [ "Darwin" == "$(uname -s)" ]; then if [ -x /usr/libexec/java_home ]; then export JAVA_HOME=($(/usr/libexec/java_home)) else export JAVA_HOME=(/Library/Java/Home) fi fi # Bail if we did not detect it if [[ -z $JAVA_HOME ]]; then echo "Error: JAVA_HOME is not set and could not be found." 1>&2 exit 1 fifi之前添加export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun
2. 格式化namenode
hadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop$ hadoop namenode -format
3.启动
hadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop/sbin$ ./start-dfs.shStarting namenodes on [localhost]localhost: starting namenode, logging to /opt/hadoop-0.23.6/logs/hadoop-hadoop-namenode-ubuntu.outlocalhost: starting datanode, logging to /opt/hadoop-0.23.6/logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-ubuntu.outStarting secondary namenodes [0.0.0.0]0.0.0.0: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /opt/hadoop-0.23.6/logs/hadoop-hadoop-secondarynamenode-ubuntu.outhadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop/sbin$ ./start-yarn.sh starting yarn daemonsstarting resourcemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop-0.23.6/logs/yarn-hadoop-resourcemanager-ubuntu.outlocalhost: starting nodemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop-0.23.6/logs/yarn-hadoop-nodemanager-ubuntu.out
4.检查启动是否成功
hadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop/sbin$ jps5036 DataNode5246 SecondaryNameNode5543 NodeManager5369 ResourceManager4852 NameNode5816 Jps
5.试着运行wordcount
1)构造输入数据
生成一个字符文本文件
hadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop$ cat tmp/test.txt a c b a b d f f e b a c c d g i s a b c d e a b f g e i k m m n a b d g h i j a k j e
2)上传到hdfs
hadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop$ hadoop fs -mkdir /testhadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop$ hadoop fs -copyFromLocal tmp/test.txt /testhadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop$ hadoop fs -ls /testFound 1 items-rw-r--r-- 1 hadoop supergroup 86 2013-04-18 07:47 /test/test.txt
3)执行程序
hadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop$ hadoop jar share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-0.23.6.jar wordcount /test/test.txt /test/out #其中/test/out 为输出目录13/04/18 22:41:11 INFO input.FileInputFormat: Total input paths to process : 113/04/18 22:41:11 INFO util.NativeCodeLoader: Loaded the native-hadoop library13/04/18 22:41:11 WARN snappy.LoadSnappy: Snappy native library not loaded13/04/18 22:41:12 INFO mapreduce.JobSubmitter: number of splits:113/04/18 22:41:12 WARN conf.Configuration: mapred.jar is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.jar13/04/18 22:41:12 WARN conf.Configuration: mapred.output.value.class is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.output.value.class13/04/18 22:41:12 WARN conf.Configuration: mapreduce.combine.class is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.combine.class13/04/18 22:41:12 WARN conf.Configuration: mapreduce.map.class is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.map.class13/04/18 22:41:12 WARN conf.Configuration: mapred.job.name is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.name13/04/18 22:41:12 WARN conf.Configuration: mapreduce.reduce.class is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.reduce.class13/04/18 22:41:12 WARN conf.Configuration: mapred.input.dir is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.input.fileinputformat.inputdir13/04/18 22:41:12 WARN conf.Configuration: mapred.output.dir is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.output.fileoutputformat.outputdir13/04/18 22:41:12 WARN conf.Configuration: mapred.map.tasks is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.maps13/04/18 22:41:12 WARN conf.Configuration: mapred.output.key.class is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.output.key.class13/04/18 22:41:12 WARN conf.Configuration: mapred.working.dir is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.working.dir13/04/18 22:41:13 INFO mapred.ResourceMgrDelegate: Submitted application application_1366295287642_0001 to ResourceManager at localhost/127.0.0.1:5431113/04/18 22:41:13 INFO mapreduce.Job: The url to track the job: http://localhost:54315/proxy/application_1366295287642_0001/13/04/18 22:41:13 INFO mapreduce.Job: Running job: job_1366295287642_000113/04/18 22:41:21 INFO mapreduce.Job: Job job_1366295287642_0001 running in uber mode : false13/04/18 22:41:21 INFO mapreduce.Job: map 0% reduce 0%13/04/18 22:41:36 INFO mapreduce.Job: map 100% reduce 0%13/04/18 22:41:36 INFO mapreduce.Job: Task Id : attempt_1366295287642_0001_m_000000_0, Status : FAILEDKilled by external signal13/04/18 22:41:37 INFO mapreduce.Job: map 0% reduce 0%13/04/18 22:42:11 INFO mapreduce.Job: map 100% reduce 0%13/04/18 22:42:26 INFO mapreduce.Job: map 100% reduce 100%13/04/18 22:42:26 INFO mapreduce.Job: Job job_1366295287642_0001 completed successfully13/04/18 22:42:27 INFO mapreduce.Job: Counters: 45
4)查看结果
hadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop$ hadoop fs -ls /testFound 2 itemsdrwxr-xr-x - hadoop supergroup 0 2013-04-18 22:42 /test/out-rw-r--r-- 1 hadoop supergroup 86 2013-04-18 07:47 /test/test.txthadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop$ hadoop fs -ls /test/outFound 2 items-rw-r--r-- 1 hadoop supergroup 0 2013-04-18 22:42 /test/out/_SUCCESS-rw-r--r-- 1 hadoop supergroup 56 2013-04-18 22:42 /test/out/part-r-00000hadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop$ hadoop fs -cat /test/out/part-r-0000013/04/18 22:45:25 INFO util.NativeCodeLoader: Loaded the native-hadoop librarya 7b 6c 4d 4e 4f 3g 3h 1i 3j 2k 2m 2n 1s 1
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