java 二维码 生成和解析 (中间:图片、文字;底部:文字)
发布日期:2022-01-11 03:10:17
浏览次数:8
分类:技术文章
本文共 14938 字,大约阅读时间需要 49 分钟。
一、准备工作
下载QR二维码包。
首先得下载zxing.jar 包, 我这里用的是3.3版本的core包
下载地址:现在已经迁移到了github:,
当然你也可以从maven仓库下载jar包:
二、代码
part1:
import com.google.zxing.LuminanceSource; import java.awt.Graphics2D;import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; /** * * @author yuki_ho * 辅助类 */ public final class BufferedImageLuminanceSource extends LuminanceSource { private final BufferedImage image; private final int left; private final int top; public BufferedImageLuminanceSource(BufferedImage image) { this(image, 0, 0, image.getWidth(), image.getHeight()); } public BufferedImageLuminanceSource(BufferedImage image, int left, int top, int width, int height) { super(width, height); int sourceWidth = image.getWidth(); int sourceHeight = image.getHeight(); if (left + width > sourceWidth || top + height > sourceHeight) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Crop rectangle does not fit within image data."); } for (int y = top; y < top + height; y++) { for (int x = left; x < left + width; x++) { if ((image.getRGB(x, y) & 0xFF000000) == 0) { image.setRGB(x, y, 0xFFFFFFFF); // = white } } } this.image = new BufferedImage(sourceWidth, sourceHeight, BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_GRAY); this.image.getGraphics().drawImage(image, 0, 0, null); this.left = left; this.top = top; } // 这里要得到指定行的像素数据 @Override public byte[] getRow(int y, byte[] row) { if (y < 0 || y >= getHeight()) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Requested row is outside the image: " + y); } int width = getWidth(); if (row == null || row.length < width) { row = new byte[width]; } image.getRaster().getDataElements(left, top + y, width, 1, row); return row; } // 返回我们生成好的像素数据 @Override public byte[] getMatrix() { int width = getWidth(); int height = getHeight(); int area = width * height; byte[] matrix = new byte[area]; image.getRaster().getDataElements(left, top, width, height, matrix); return matrix; } @Override public boolean isCropSupported() { return true; } @Override public LuminanceSource crop(int left, int top, int width, int height) { return new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image, this.left + left, this.top + top, width, height); } @Override public boolean isRotateSupported() { return true; } @Override public LuminanceSource rotateCounterClockwise() { int sourceWidth = image.getWidth(); int sourceHeight = image.getHeight(); AffineTransform transform = new AffineTransform(0.0, -1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, sourceWidth); BufferedImage rotatedImage = new BufferedImage(sourceHeight, sourceWidth, BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_GRAY); Graphics2D g = rotatedImage.createGraphics(); g.drawImage(image, transform, null); g.dispose(); int width = getWidth(); return new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(rotatedImage, top, sourceWidth - (left + width), getHeight(), width); }}
part2:
import java.awt.BasicStroke;import java.awt.Graphics;import java.awt.Graphics2D;import java.awt.Image;import java.awt.Shape;import java.awt.geom.RoundRectangle2D;import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;import java.io.File;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.OutputStream;import java.util.Hashtable;import java.util.UUID;import javax.imageio.ImageIO;import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat;import com.google.zxing.BinaryBitmap;import com.google.zxing.DecodeHintType;import com.google.zxing.EncodeHintType;import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatReader;import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatWriter;import com.google.zxing.Result;import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer;import com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.ErrorCorrectionLevel;/** * 二维码 生成、解析器 帮助类 * @author yuki_ho * */ public class QRCodeUtil { private static final String CHARSET = "utf-8"; private static final String FORMAT_NAME = "JPG"; // 二维码尺寸 private static final int QRCODE_SIZE = 300; // LOGO宽度 private static final int WIDTH = 60; // LOGO高度 private static final int HEIGHT = 60; /** * 检查路径 图片是否存在 * @param imgPath * @return * @throws IOException */ private static BufferedImage CheckImageExist(String imgPath) throws IOException{ File file = new File(imgPath); if (!file.exists()) { System.err.println(""+imgPath+" 该文件不存在!"); return null; } BufferedImage src = ImageIO.read(new File(imgPath)); return src; } /** * 创建 二维码所需图片 * @param content 内容 * @param imgPath Logo图片地址 * @param needCompress 是否压缩Logo大小 * @param needDescription 是否需要底部描述 * @return * @throws Exception */ private static BufferedImage createImage(String content,BufferedImage logoImage, String bottomDes, boolean needCompress) throws Exception { Hashtable hints = new Hashtable(); hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.H); //容错级别 H->30% hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, CHARSET); hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 1); BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(content, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, QRCODE_SIZE, QRCODE_SIZE, hints); int width = bitMatrix.getWidth(); int height = bitMatrix.getHeight(); int tempHeight = height; boolean needDescription=(null==bottomDes&&"".equals(bottomDes)); if (needDescription) { tempHeight += 30; } BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, tempHeight, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) { for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) { image.setRGB(x, y, bitMatrix.get(x, y) ? 0xFF000000 : 0xFFFFFFFF); } } if(null==logoImage) return image; // 插入图片 QRCodeUtil.insertImage(image, logoImage, needCompress); if(needDescription) return image; QRCodeUtil.addFontImage(image, bottomDes); return image; } /** * 添加 底部图片文字 * @param source 图片源 * @param declareText 文字本文 */ private static void addFontImage(BufferedImage source, String declareText) { BufferedImage textImage = FontImage.getImage(declareText, QRCODE_SIZE, 50); Graphics2D graph = source.createGraphics(); int width = textImage.getWidth(null); int height = textImage.getHeight(null); Image src =textImage; graph.drawImage(src, 0, QRCODE_SIZE - 20, width, height, null); graph.dispose(); } /** * 插入Logo图片 * @param source 图片操作对象 * @param imgPath Logo图片地址 * @param needCompress 是否压缩Logo大小 * @throws Exception */ private static void insertImage(BufferedImage source,BufferedImage logoImage, boolean needCompress) throws Exception { int width = logoImage.getWidth(null); int height = logoImage.getHeight(null); Image src =logoImage; if (needCompress) { if (width > WIDTH) { width = WIDTH; } if (height > HEIGHT) { height = HEIGHT; } Image image = logoImage.getScaledInstance(width, height, Image.SCALE_SMOOTH); BufferedImage tag = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); Graphics g = tag.getGraphics(); g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, null); g.dispose(); src = image; } Graphics2D graph = source.createGraphics(); int x = (QRCODE_SIZE - width) / 2; int y = (QRCODE_SIZE - height) / 2; graph.drawImage(src, x, y, width, height, null); Shape shape = new RoundRectangle2D.Float(x, y, width, width, 6, 6); graph.setStroke(new BasicStroke(3f)); graph.draw(shape); graph.dispose(); } /** * 创建 目录 * @param destPath */ public static void mkdirs(String destPath) { File file =new File(destPath); //当文件夹不存在时,mkdirs会自动创建多层目录,区别于mkdir.(mkdir如果父目录不存在则会抛出异常) if (!file.exists() && !file.isDirectory()) { file.mkdirs(); } } /** * 生成二维码 (以Logo路径) * @param content 内容 (若带http:// 会自动跳转) * @param imgPath Logo 图片地址 * @param destPath 保存二维码 地址 (没有该目录会自动创建) * @param bottomDes 底部文字描述 * @param needCompress 是否压缩Logo大小 * @throws Exception */ public static void encodeOfPath(String content, String imgPath,String bottomDes,String destPath, boolean needCompress) throws Exception { BufferedImage image = QRCodeUtil.createImage(content, CheckImageExist(imgPath), bottomDes,needCompress); mkdirs(destPath); String file = UUID.randomUUID().toString()+".jpg"; ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT_NAME, new File(destPath+"/"+file)); } /** * * @param content 内容 * @param logoImage 图片源 LOGO * @param bottomDes 底部描述文字 * @param destPath 保存二维码 地址 (没有该目录会自动创建) * @param needCompress 是否压缩logo * @throws Exception */ public static void encode(String content, BufferedImage logoImage,String bottomDes, String destPath, boolean needCompress) throws Exception { BufferedImage image = QRCodeUtil.createImage(content, logoImage, bottomDes, needCompress); mkdirs(destPath); String file = UUID.randomUUID().toString()+".jpg"; ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT_NAME, new File(destPath+"/"+file)); } /** * * @param content 内容 * @param logoImage 图片源LOGO * @param bottomDes 底部描述文字 * @param picName 图片名 * @param destPath 保存二维码 地址 (没有该目录会自动创建) * @param needCompress 是否压缩logo * @throws Exception */ public static void encode(String content, BufferedImage logoImage,String bottomDes,String picName,String destPath, boolean needCompress) throws Exception { BufferedImage image=QRCodeUtil.createImage(content, logoImage,bottomDes, needCompress); mkdirs(destPath); String file = picName+".jpg"; ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT_NAME, new File(destPath+"/"+file)); } /** * * @param content 内容 * @param destPath 保存二维码 地址 (没有该目录会自动创建) * @throws Exception */ public static void encode(String content, String destPath) throws Exception { QRCodeUtil.encode(content, null,null,destPath, false); } /** * * @param content 内容 * @param imgPath 图片源地址LOGO * @param bottomDes 底部描述文字 * @param output 输出流 * @param needCompress 是否压缩logo * @throws Exception */ public static void encodeOfPath(String content, String imgPath,String bottomDes, OutputStream output, boolean needCompress) throws Exception { BufferedImage image = QRCodeUtil.createImage(content, CheckImageExist(imgPath), bottomDes, needCompress); ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT_NAME, output); } /** * * @param content 内容 * @param Image 图片源LOGO * @param bottomDes 底部描述文字 * @param output 输出流 * @param needCompress 是否压缩 * @throws Exception */ public static void encode(String content, BufferedImage Image,String bottomDes, OutputStream output, boolean needCompress) throws Exception { BufferedImage image = QRCodeUtil.createImage(content, Image, bottomDes, needCompress); ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT_NAME, output); } /** * * @param content 内容 * @param output 输出流 * @throws Exception */ public static void encode(String content, OutputStream output) throws Exception { QRCodeUtil.encode(content, null,null, output, false); } /** * 解析 二维码 * @param file 图片文件 * @return * @throws Exception */ public static String decode(File file) throws Exception { BufferedImage image; image = ImageIO.read(file); if (image == null) { return null; } BufferedImageLuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource( image); BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source)); Result result; Hashtable hints = new Hashtable(); hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, CHARSET); result = new MultiFormatReader().decode(bitmap, hints); String resultStr = result.getText(); return resultStr; } /** * 解析二维码 * @param path 图片地址 * @return * @throws Exception */ public static String decode(String path) throws Exception { return QRCodeUtil.decode(new File(path)); } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { String text = "http://www.baidu.com"; // QRCodeUtil.encodeOfPath(text, "d:/test/a1.jpg",null,"d:/test", true); // QRCodeUtil.encode(text,"d:/test"); // 不带logo BufferedImage bi = ImageIO.read(new File("d:/test/a1.jpg")); QRCodeUtil.encode(text,bi,"ok","123","d:/test", true); } }三、调用测试
如果要 中间写文字可以参考:
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