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前言

本环境是基于 Centos 7.8 系统构建Docker-19.03.13环境

一、docker 包括三个基本概念

• 镜像（ Image）

镜像：一个特殊的文件系统，Docker镜像就是一个只读的模板

操作系统分为内核和用户空间。对于 Linux 而言，内核启动后，会挂载 root 文件系统为其提供用户空

间支持。而 Docker 镜像（Image），就相当于是一个 root 文件系统。

Docker 镜像是一个特殊的文件系统，除了提供容器运行时所需的程序、库、资源、配置等文件外，还

包含了一些为运行时准备的一些配置参数（如匿名卷、环境变量、用户等）。

镜像不包含任何动态数据，其内容在构建之后也不会被改变。

分层存储的特征还使得镜像的复用、定制变的更为容易。甚至可以用之前构建好的镜像作为基础层，然

• 容器（ Container）

容器：镜像运行时的实体，Docker利用容器来运行应用。

镜像（Image）和容器（Container）的关系，就像是面向对象程序设计中的类和实例一样，镜像是静

态的定义，容器是镜像运行时的实体。容器可以被创建、启动、停止、删除、暂停等 。

容器的实质是进程，但与直接在宿主执行的进程不同，容器进程运行于属于自己的独立的命名空间。前

面讲过镜像使用的是分层存储，容器也是如此。

容器在整个应用程序生命周期工作流中提供以下优点：隔离性、可移植性、灵活性、可伸缩性和可控性。 最重要的优点是可在开发和运营之间提供隔离

• 仓库（ Repository）

仓库：集中存放镜像文件的地方

镜像构建完成后，可以很容易的在当前宿主上运行，但是， 如果需要在其他服务器上使用这个镜像，我

们就需要一个集中的存储、分发镜像的服务，Docker Registry 就是这样的服务。

一个 Docker Registry 中可以包含多个仓库（Repository）；每个仓库可以包含多个标签（Tag）；每个标签对应一个镜像。所以说，镜像仓库是 Docker 用来集中存放镜像文件的地方，类似于我们之前常用的代码仓库。

仓库分为公开仓库（ Public）和私有仓库（ Private） 两种形式。

二、仓库操作

登录 docker hub 注册账号，创建公有仓库

在仓库中搜索 MySQL 镜像

[root@node01 ~]# docker search mysqlNAME                              DESCRIPTION                                     STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATEDmysql                             MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   10097               [OK]                mariadb                           MariaDB is a community-developed fork of MyS…   3705                [OK]                mysql/mysql-server                Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Create…   737                                     [OK]percona                           Percona Server is a fork of the MySQL relati…   511                 [OK]                centos/mysql-57-centos7           MySQL 5.7 SQL database server                   84                                      mysql/mysql-cluster               Experimental MySQL Cluster Docker images. Cr…   77                                      centurylink/mysql                 Image containing mysql. Optimized to be link…   60                                      [OK]bitnami/mysql                     Bitnami MySQL Docker Image                      45                                      [OK]deitch/mysql-backup               REPLACED! Please use http://hub.docker.com/r…   41                                      [OK]tutum/mysql                       Base docker image to run a MySQL database se…   35                                      prom/mysqld-exporter                                                              31                                      [OK]schickling/mysql-backup-s3        Backup MySQL to S3 (supports periodic backup…   30                                      [OK]databack/mysql-backup             Back up mysql databases to... anywhere!         30                                      linuxserver/mysql                 A Mysql container, brought to you by LinuxSe…   26                                      centos/mysql-56-centos7           MySQL 5.6 SQL database server                   20                                      circleci/mysql                    MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   19                                      mysql/mysql-router                MySQL Router provides transparent routing be…   17                                      arey/mysql-client                 Run a MySQL client from a docker container      15                                      [OK]fradelg/mysql-cron-backup         MySQL/MariaDB database backup using cron tas…   10                                      [OK]yloeffler/mysql-backup            This image runs mysqldump to backup data usi…   7                                       [OK]openshift/mysql-55-centos7        DEPRECATED: A Centos7 based MySQL v5.5 image…   6                                       devilbox/mysql                    Retagged MySQL, MariaDB and PerconaDB offici…   3                                       ansibleplaybookbundle/mysql-apb   An APB which deploys RHSCL MySQL                2                                       [OK]jelastic/mysql                    An image of the MySQL database server mainta…   1                                       widdpim/mysql-client              Dockerized MySQL Client (5.7) including Curl…   1                                       [OK]

从仓库中下载镜像

#下载 busybox 镜像[root@node01 ~]# docker pull busyboxUsing default tag: latestlatest: Pulling from library/busybox9758c28807f2: Pull complete Digest: sha256:a9286defaba7b3a519d585ba0e37d0b2cbee74ebfe590960b0b1d6a5e97d1e1dStatus: Downloaded newer image for busybox:latestdocker.io/library/busybox:latest#下载我们自己创建的镜像[root@node01 ~]# docker pull wan012q/docker01

查看下载下来的镜像

[root@node01 ~]# docker image lsREPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZEbusybox             latest              f0b02e9d092d        10 days ago         1.23MB

仓库的登录、退出登录

#登录仓库[root@node01 ~]# docker login -u wan012q -pabc200888WARNING! Using --password via the CLI is insecure. Use --password-stdin.WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. Seehttps://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-storeLogin Succeeded#退出容器的登录[root@node01 ~]# docker logout Removing login credentials for https://index.docker.io/v1/

将本地镜像上传到公有仓库

公有仓库

#镜像打标记[root@node01 ~]# docker tag busybox:latest wan012q/docker01:busybox_v1#查看本地现有的镜像[root@node01 ~]# docker image ls REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZEbusybox             latest              f0b02e9d092d        10 days ago         1.23MBwan012q/docker01    busybox_v1          f0b02e9d092d        10 days ago         1.23MB#上传镜像[root@node01 ~]# docker push wan012q/docker01:busybox_v1The push refers to repository [docker.io/wan012q/docker01]d2421964bad1: Mounted from library/busybox busybox_v1: digest: sha256:c9249fdf56138f0d929e2080ae98ee9cb2946f71498fc1484288e6a935b5e5bc size: 527

查看结果

三、 镜像操作

[root@node01 ~]# docker search nginxNAME                               DESCRIPTION                                     STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATEDnginx                              Official build of Nginx.                        13911               [OK]                jwilder/nginx-proxy                Automated Nginx reverse proxy for docker con…   1900                                    [OK]richarvey/nginx-php-fpm            Container running Nginx + PHP-FPM capable of…   791                                     [OK]linuxserver/nginx                  An Nginx container, brought to you by LinuxS…   127                                     jc21/nginx-proxy-manager           Docker container for managing Nginx proxy ho…   101                                     tiangolo/nginx-rtmp                Docker image with Nginx using the nginx-rtmp…   99                                      [OK]bitnami/nginx                      Bitnami nginx Docker Image                      90                                      [OK]alfg/nginx-rtmp                    NGINX, nginx-rtmp-module and FFmpeg from sou…   77                                      [OK]jlesage/nginx-proxy-manager        Docker container for Nginx Proxy Manager        64                                      [OK]nginxdemos/hello                   NGINX webserver that serves a simple page co…   62                                      [OK]nginx/nginx-ingress                NGINX Ingress Controller for Kubernetes         42                                      privatebin/nginx-fpm-alpine        PrivateBin running on an Nginx, php-fpm & Al…   39                                      [OK]nginxinc/nginx-unprivileged        Unprivileged NGINX Dockerfiles                  19                                      schmunk42/nginx-redirect           A very simple container to redirect HTTP tra…   19                                      [OK]centos/nginx-112-centos7           Platform for running nginx 1.12 or building …   15                                      nginx/nginx-prometheus-exporter    NGINX Prometheus Exporter                       15                                      raulr/nginx-wordpress              Nginx front-end for the official wordpress:f…   13                                      [OK]centos/nginx-18-centos7            Platform for running nginx 1.8 or building n…   13                                      staticfloat/nginx-certbot          Opinionated setup for automatic TLS certs lo…   13                                      [OK]bitwarden/nginx                    The Bitwarden nginx web server acting as a r…   7                                       mailu/nginx                        Mailu nginx frontend                            7                                       [OK]flashspys/nginx-static             Super Lightweight Nginx Image                   6                                       [OK]bitnami/nginx-ingress-controller   Bitnami Docker Image for NGINX Ingress Contr…   6                                       [OK]ansibleplaybookbundle/nginx-apb    An APB to deploy NGINX                          1                                       [OK]wodby/nginx                        Generic nginx                                   1                                       [OK]

搜索结果解释

拉取nginx-alpine镜像

[root@node01 ~]# docker pull nginx:1.14-alpine1.14-alpine: Pulling from library/nginxbdf0201b3a05: Pull complete 3d0a573c81ed: Pull complete 8129faeb2eb6: Pull complete 3dc99f571daf: Pull complete Digest: sha256:485b610fefec7ff6c463ced9623314a04ed67e3945b9c08d7e53a47f6d108dc7Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:1.14-alpinedocker.io/library/nginx:1.14-alpine

查看镜像nginx:1.14-alpine的详细信息

[root@node01 ~]# docker image inspect nginx:1.14-alpine [    {
           "Id": "sha256:8a2fb25a19f5dc1528b7a3fabe8b3145ff57fe10e4f1edac6c718a3cf4aa4b73",        "RepoTags": [            "nginx:1.14-alpine"        ],        "RepoDigests": [            "nginx@sha256:485b610fefec7ff6c463ced9623314a04ed67e3945b9c08d7e53a47f6d108dc7"        ],        "Parent": "",        "Comment": "",        "Created": "2019-04-10T01:08:46.210666872Z",        "Container": "0a597833eefb7f60fd434dcc4438c1bd0d514a42f5925513841ec5c3295d62d4",        "ContainerConfig": {
               "Hostname": "0a597833eefb",            "Domainname": "",            "User": "",            "AttachStdin": false,            "AttachStdout": false,            "AttachStderr": false,            "ExposedPorts": {
                   "80/tcp": {
   }            },            "Tty": false,            "OpenStdin": false,            "StdinOnce": false,            "Env": [                "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",                "NGINX_VERSION=1.14.2"            ],            "Cmd": [                "/bin/sh",                "-c",                "#(nop) ",                "CMD [\"nginx\" \"-g\" \"daemon off;\"]"            ],            "ArgsEscaped": true,            "Image": "sha256:aff1bb24fb4907c200a9e7cbabe65ec4b5490bc511ab7f1f69b2946f709a27cb",            "Volumes": null,            "WorkingDir": "",            "Entrypoint": null,            "OnBuild": null,            "Labels": {
                   "maintainer": "NGINX Docker Maintainers 
   
    "            },            "StopSignal": "SIGTERM"        },        "DockerVersion": "18.06.1-ce",        "Author": "",        "Config": {
               "Hostname": "",            "Domainname": "",            "User": "",            "AttachStdin": false,            "AttachStdout": false,            "AttachStderr": false,            "ExposedPorts": {
                   "80/tcp": {
   }            },            "Tty": false,            "OpenStdin": false,            "StdinOnce": false,            "Env": [                "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",                "NGINX_VERSION=1.14.2"            ],            "Cmd": [                "nginx",                "-g",                "daemon off;"            ],            "ArgsEscaped": true,            "Image": "sha256:aff1bb24fb4907c200a9e7cbabe65ec4b5490bc511ab7f1f69b2946f709a27cb",            "Volumes": null,            "WorkingDir": "",            "Entrypoint": null,            "OnBuild": null,            "Labels": {
                   "maintainer": "NGINX Docker Maintainers 
    
     "            },            "StopSignal": "SIGTERM"        },        "Architecture": "amd64",        "Os": "linux",        "Size": 16032814,        "VirtualSize": 16032814,        "GraphDriver": {
               "Data": {
                   "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/0afec5029a73fa8e3fe1b929547a3062231091e13a175c5feb4f8615d0c01b99/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/ccdd05f4cb175a568354340ce363a0d847b41e22dffe80037948d1296d961a32/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/2af829e9b6451a53c5f747e55886e843daff2dfd77233c8ae3e3286e25f5a2eb/diff",                "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/0cb9be8148524543d03c8154eb2dbe3ad5a25fded931d4f8f9e83665a448ca0d/merged",                "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/0cb9be8148524543d03c8154eb2dbe3ad5a25fded931d4f8f9e83665a448ca0d/diff",                "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/0cb9be8148524543d03c8154eb2dbe3ad5a25fded931d4f8f9e83665a448ca0d/work"            },            "Name": "overlay2"        },        "RootFS": {
               "Type": "layers",            "Layers": [                "sha256:a464c54f93a9e88fc1d33df1e0e39cca427d60145a360962e8f19a1dbf900da9",                "sha256:5ac9a5170bf254da6d1b54edbfde4da4070e5c43a85a0402ec7defdcec5c3657",                "sha256:b2cbae4b8c158c49c6590cc69a305c36dfb133321c3ab1e9c3b764f54c27158a",                "sha256:076c58d2644f0d4c4a80d460bc2dfb21469f4fdb5c3d259438e0a4a1b182fa87"            ]        },        "Metadata": {
               "LastTagTime": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"        }    }]
    
   

保存镜像

[root@node01 ~]# docker image save busybox -o buaybox.tar

导入镜像

[root@node01 ~]# docker image rm busybox:latest Untagged: busybox:latestUntagged: busybox@sha256:a9286defaba7b3a519d585ba0e37d0b2cbee74ebfe590960b0b1d6a5e97d1e1d[root@node01 ~]# docker image lsREPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZEwan012q/docker01    busybox_v1          f0b02e9d092d        10 days ago         1.23MBnginx               1.14-alpine         8a2fb25a19f5        18 months ago       16MB[root@node01 ~]# docker image import buaybox.tar sha256:1c26751958da198b989b2b08384c134ca11077becca89fdcfc5cec9f9cc05fd6[root@node01 ~]# docker image lsREPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
                 
    
                   1c26751958da        2 seconds ago       1.45MBwan012q/docker01    busybox_v1          f0b02e9d092d        10 days ago         1.23MBnginx               1.14-alpine         8a2fb25a19f5        18 months ago       16MB
    
   

[root@node01 ~]# docker image rmi 1c26751958da Deleted: sha256:1c26751958da198b989b2b08384c134ca11077becca89fdcfc5cec9f9cc05fd6Deleted: sha256:e272adc323d6eadc54a5f1f9a350d251e019eb84f24aabe52347039aec82896a[root@node01 ~]# docker image load -i buaybox.tard2421964bad1: Loading layer   1.45MB/1.45MBLoaded image: busybox:latest[root@node01 ~]# docker image lsREPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZEbusybox             latest              f0b02e9d092d        10 days ago         1.23MBnginx               1.14-alpine         8a2fb25a19f5        18 months ago       16MB

四、 容器操作

创建容器

[root@node01 ~]# docker create busybox14379b0ed03f8a63be06703594bd031dfc1d1db633e9b68e84fbcfb0763c3800[root@node01 ~]# docker psCONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES[root@node01 ~]# docker ps -aCONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES14379b0ed03f        busybox             "sh"                8 seconds ago       Created                                 vibrant_blackwell[root@node01 ~]# docker start 14379b0ed03f14379b0ed03f[root@node01 ~]# docker psCONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES[root@node01 ~]# docker ps -aCONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS                      PORTS               NAMES14379b0ed03f        busybox             "sh"                53 seconds ago      Exited (0) 29 seconds ago                       vibrant_blackwell

方法二：通过运行创建容器

[root@node01 ~]# docker run nginx:1.14-alpine [root@node01 ~]# docker psCONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES147631182ea4        nginx:1.14-alpine   "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   14 seconds ago      Up 13 seconds       80/tcp              eager_lehmann

注：容器退出后，停止运行

#创建容器，退出后，停止告知运行[root@node01 ~]# docker run -it busybox /bin/sh/ # #创建容器，放在后台运行[root@node01 ~]# docker run -d nginx:1.14-alpine 49b6c21411285a76a82713d58b0a416814df9a32e0574172a159ff36d46264f7

退出时，容器还在运行

[root@node01 ~]# docker run -it nginx:1.14-alpine /bin/sh/ # [root@node01 ~]#

创建容器时，指定名字

[root@node01 ~]# docker run --name=nginx1 nginx:1.14-alpine[root@node01 ~]# docker psCONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES0a2a2d538c1f        nginx:1.14-alpine   "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   6 seconds ago       Up 6 seconds        80/tcp              nginx1

创建容器，运行，结束后，自动删除

[root@node01 ~]# docker run --rm -it nginx:1.14-alpine /bin/sh/ # [root@node01 ~]# docker psCONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES3b783d031102        nginx:1.14-alpine   "/bin/sh"           11 seconds ago      Up 10 seconds       80/tcp              cool_cerf退出登录后[root@node01 ~]# docker run --rm -it nginx:1.14-alpine /bin/sh/ # exit[root@node01 ~]# [root@node01 ~]# docker psCONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAM

容器的关闭、停止

#创建容器nginx[root@node01 ~]# docker run -d --name=nginx nginx:1.14-alpine 3dc088a9821f9419b191e5f989bd790a7103389161f3b8941a6dcdaf2eca30b1#查看容器状态[root@node01 ~]# docker psCONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES3dc088a9821f        nginx:1.14-alpine   "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   12 seconds ago      Up 12 seconds       80/tcp              nginx#停止容器[root@node01 ~]# docker stop nginxnginx#查看容器状态[root@node01 ~]# docker psCONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES[root@node01 ~]# docker ps -aCONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                     PORTS               NAMES3dc088a9821f        nginx:1.14-alpine   "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   34 seconds ago      Exited (0) 7 seconds ago                       nginx5a6a2d294f3d        nginx:1.14-alpine   "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   3 minutes ago       Exited (0) 2 minutes ago                       affectionate_johnson0a2a2d538c1f        nginx:1.14-alpine   "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   9 minutes ago       Exited (0) 8 minutes ago                       nginx1#启动容器[root@node01 ~]# docker start nginxnginx#重启容器[root@node01 ~]# docker restart nginx1nginx1#查看容器状态[root@node01 ~]# docker psCONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES3dc088a9821f        nginx:1.14-alpine   "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   55 seconds ago      Up 7 seconds        80/tcp              nginx

查看容器 nginx的详细信息

[root@node01 ~]# docker inspect nginx[    {
           "Id": "3dc088a9821f9419b191e5f989bd790a7103389161f3b8941a6dcdaf2eca30b1",        "Created": "2020-10-24T15:39:36.093956012Z",        "Path": "nginx",        "Args": [            "-g",            "daemon off;"        ],        "State": {
               "Status": "running",            "Running": true,            "Paused": false,            "Restarting": false,            "OOMKilled": false,            "Dead": false,            "Pid": 19292,            "ExitCode": 0,            "Error": "",            "StartedAt": "2020-10-24T15:40:23.543972408Z",            "FinishedAt": "2020-10-24T15:40:03.203496406Z"        },        "Image": "sha256:8a2fb25a19f5dc1528b7a3fabe8b3145ff57fe10e4f1edac6c718a3cf4aa4b73",        "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/3dc088a9821f9419b191e5f989bd790a7103389161f3b8941a6dcdaf2eca30b1/resolv.conf",        "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/3dc088a9821f9419b191e5f989bd790a7103389161f3b8941a6dcdaf2eca30b1/hostname",        "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/3dc088a9821f9419b191e5f989bd790a7103389161f3b8941a6dcdaf2eca30b1/hosts",        "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/3dc088a9821f9419b191e5f989bd790a7103389161f3b8941a6dcdaf2eca30b1/3dc088a9821f9419b191e5f989bd790a7103389161f3b8941a6dcdaf2eca30b1-json.log",        "Name": "/nginx",        "RestartCount": 0,        "Driver": "overlay2",        "Platform": "linux",        "MountLabel": "",        "ProcessLabel": "",        "AppArmorProfile": "",        "ExecIDs": null,        "HostConfig": {
               "Binds": null,            "ContainerIDFile": "",            "LogConfig": {
                   "Type": "json-file",                "Config": {
   }            },            "NetworkMode": "default",            "PortBindings": {
   },            "RestartPolicy": {
                   "Name": "no",                "MaximumRetryCount": 0            },            "AutoRemove": false,            "VolumeDriver": "",            "VolumesFrom": null,            "CapAdd": null,            "CapDrop": null,            "Capabilities": null,            "Dns": [],            "DnsOptions": [],            "DnsSearch": [],            "ExtraHosts": null,            "GroupAdd": null,            "IpcMode": "private",            "Cgroup": "",            "Links": null,            "OomScoreAdj": 0,            "PidMode": "",            "Privileged": false,            "PublishAllPorts": false,            "ReadonlyRootfs": false,            "SecurityOpt": null,            "UTSMode": "",            "UsernsMode": "",            "ShmSize": 67108864,            "Runtime": "runc",            "ConsoleSize": [                0,                0            ],            "Isolation": "",            "CpuShares": 0,            "Memory": 0,            "NanoCpus": 0,            "CgroupParent": "",            "BlkioWeight": 0,            "BlkioWeightDevice": [],            "BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,            "BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,            "BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,            "BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,            "CpuPeriod": 0,            "CpuQuota": 0,            "CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,            "CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,            "CpusetCpus": "",            "CpusetMems": "",            "Devices": [],            "DeviceCgroupRules": null,            "DeviceRequests": null,            "KernelMemory": 0,            "KernelMemoryTCP": 0,            "MemoryReservation": 0,            "MemorySwap": 0,            "MemorySwappiness": null,            "OomKillDisable": false,            "PidsLimit": null,            "Ulimits": null,            "CpuCount": 0,            "CpuPercent": 0,            "IOMaximumIOps": 0,            "IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,            "MaskedPaths": [                "/proc/asound",                "/proc/acpi",                "/proc/kcore",                "/proc/keys",                "/proc/latency_stats",                "/proc/timer_list",                "/proc/timer_stats",                "/proc/sched_debug",                "/proc/scsi",                "/sys/firmware"            ],            "ReadonlyPaths": [                "/proc/bus",                "/proc/fs",                "/proc/irq",                "/proc/sys",                "/proc/sysrq-trigger"            ]        },        "GraphDriver": {
               "Data": {
                   "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/8df304dfa35b230db4be4375a64ecc173fe60b094d294c741cc18a0c96dd2e43-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/0cb9be8148524543d03c8154eb2dbe3ad5a25fded931d4f8f9e83665a448ca0d/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/0afec5029a73fa8e3fe1b929547a3062231091e13a175c5feb4f8615d0c01b99/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/ccdd05f4cb175a568354340ce363a0d847b41e22dffe80037948d1296d961a32/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/2af829e9b6451a53c5f747e55886e843daff2dfd77233c8ae3e3286e25f5a2eb/diff",                "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/8df304dfa35b230db4be4375a64ecc173fe60b094d294c741cc18a0c96dd2e43/merged",                "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/8df304dfa35b230db4be4375a64ecc173fe60b094d294c741cc18a0c96dd2e43/diff",                "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/8df304dfa35b230db4be4375a64ecc173fe60b094d294c741cc18a0c96dd2e43/work"            },            "Name": "overlay2"        },        "Mounts": [],        "Config": {
               "Hostname": "3dc088a9821f",            "Domainname": "",            "User": "",            "AttachStdin": false,            "AttachStdout": false,            "AttachStderr": false,            "ExposedPorts": {
                   "80/tcp": {
   }            },            "Tty": false,            "OpenStdin": false,            "StdinOnce": false,            "Env": [                "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",                "NGINX_VERSION=1.14.2"            ],            "Cmd": [                "nginx",                "-g",                "daemon off;"            ],            "Image": "nginx:1.14-alpine",            "Volumes": null,            "WorkingDir": "",            "Entrypoint": null,            "OnBuild": null,            "Labels": {
                   "maintainer": "NGINX Docker Maintainers 
   
    "            },            "StopSignal": "SIGTERM"        },        "NetworkSettings": {
               "Bridge": "",            "SandboxID": "f6c02746179a1ae0d1d913288bda58fe1e460a10914a8bcc3180a6dda69cded1",            "HairpinMode": false,            "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",            "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,            "Ports": {
                   "80/tcp": null            },            "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/f6c02746179a",            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,            "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,            "EndpointID": "055a09643d5a2333874cc4dc0997b682bbc92a02a2cee9e7a0096193a4e0cb8f",            "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",            "GlobalIPv6Address": "",            "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",            "IPPrefixLen": 16,            "IPv6Gateway": "",            "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",            "Networks": {
                   "bridge": {
                       "IPAMConfig": null,                    "Links": null,                    "Aliases": null,                    "NetworkID": "8baa1345522f83775dbbafa9129f807dc84f3603e55567278bde4a918819c65f",                    "EndpointID": "055a09643d5a2333874cc4dc0997b682bbc92a02a2cee9e7a0096193a4e0cb8f",                    "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",                    "IPPrefixLen": 16,                    "IPv6Gateway": "",                    "GlobalIPv6Address": "",                    "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,                    "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",                    "DriverOpts": null                }            }        }    }]
   

删除容器

[root@node01 ~]# docker psCONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                NAMESacca5d142dee        nginx:1.14-alpine   "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   3 minutes ago       Up 3 minutes        0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp   nginx23dc088a9821f        nginx:1.14-alpine   "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   15 minutes ago      Up 14 minutes       80/tcp               nginx[root@node01 ~]# docker stop nginx2nginx2[root@node01 ~]# docker rm nginx2nginx2[root@node01 ~]# docker psCONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES3dc088a9821f        nginx:1.14-alpine   "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   16 minutes ago      Up 15 minutes       80/tcp              nginx

注：强制删除运行中的容器

[root@node01 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES090322c06e5b        nginx:1.14-alpine   "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   6 seconds ago       Up 5 seconds        80/tcp              nginx23dc088a9821f        nginx:1.14-alpine   "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   18 minutes ago      Up 17 minutes       80/tcp              nginx[root@node01 ~]# docker rm -f nginx2 nginxnginx2nginx[root@node01 ~]# docker psCONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAME

注：将运行、没有运行的所有容器都删除掉

[root@node01 ~]# docker ps -aq5a6a2d294f3d0a2a2d538c1f[root@node01 ~]# docker rm -f `docker ps -aq`5a6a2d294f3d0a2a2d538c1f[root@node01 ~]# docker ps -aq[root@node01 ~]#

运行容器后进入，交互式界面

[root@node01 ~]# docker run --name=nginx1 nginx:1.14-alpine[root@node01 ~]# docker exec -it nginx1 /bin/sh/ # / # ip a1: lo: 
   
     mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1000    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever56: eth0@if57: 
    
      mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP     link/ether 02:42:ac:11:00:02 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff    inet 172.17.0.2/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global eth0       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever/ #
    
   

查看容器的访问日志

[root@node01 ~]# docker logs nginx1

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