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说明：本文为面向Redis哨兵搭建的指导手册

标签：Redis哨兵、Redis高可用、Redis故障转移、Redis 4.0.2

注意：文中删去了不需要的多余部分，让初学者一目了然一学就会

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★ 前言

※ 该文档架构采用：单机1主2从3哨兵架构（相当于6个redis） ※ 系统信息：Centos 6.3 x86_64 4GB内存 ※ 如果主从有密码，哨兵也需要密码才能去控制他们 ※ 为了方便初学者学习了解redis本文简化了所有步骤 ※ Redis全称“remote dictionary server”中文远程字典服务 ※ Redis属于NoSql数据库中的key-value类型 ※ Redis的哨兵机制是redis2.8开始支持，而集群模式是redis3.0开始支持。 ※ Redis的sentinel系统用于管理多个redis服务器，该系统主要执行三个任务：监控、提醒、自动故障转移。 ※ Redis的主为读写模式，从为只读模式； ※ Redis的更多参数介绍参考本人其他相关文档

★ 相关文章

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★ 哨兵工作机制 自动监控并切换主从状态及主从的配置文件

★ 搭建哨兵前提条件 # 提前配置好主从环境，并拉起主从 # 需要开启3个会话，分别执行挂起 /soft/redis-4.0.2/src/redis-server /soft/redis-4.0.2/redis_6380.conf /soft/redis-4.0.2/src/redis-server /soft/redis-4.0.2/redis_6381.conf /soft/redis-4.0.2/src/redis-server /soft/redis-4.0.2/redis_6382.conf

★ 配置哨兵 ※ 复制配置文件 cp /soft/redis-4.0.2/sentinel.conf    /soft/redis-4.0.2/sentinel_26380.conf cp /soft/redis-4.0.2/sentinel.conf    /soft/redis-4.0.2/sentinel_26381.conf cp /soft/redis-4.0.2/sentinel.conf    /soft/redis-4.0.2/sentinel_26382.conf

※ 修改配置文件（主）

# 相关文件位置： /soft/redis-4.0.2/sentinel_26380.conf # 修改哨兵端口：port sed -i 's/^port 26379/port 26380/g' /soft/redis-4.0.2/sentinel_26380.conf cat /soft/redis-4.0.2/sentinel_26380.conf |grep "^port 263" # 配置主服务器 sed -i 's/sentinel monitor mymaster 127.0.0.1 6379 2/sentinel monitor mymaster 127.0.0.1 6380 2/g' /soft/redis-4.0.2/sentinel_26380.conf cat /soft/redis-4.0.2/sentinel_26380.conf |grep "^sentinel monitor"

※ 修改配置文件（从A）

# 相关文件位置： /soft/redis-4.0.2/sentinel_26381.conf # 修改哨兵端口：port sed -i 's/^port 26379/port 26381/g' /soft/redis-4.0.2/sentinel_26381.conf cat /soft/redis-4.0.2/sentinel_26381.conf |grep "^port 263" # 配置主服务器 sed -i 's/sentinel monitor mymaster 127.0.0.1 6379 2/sentinel monitor mymaster 127.0.0.1 6380 2/g' /soft/redis-4.0.2/sentinel_26381.conf cat /soft/redis-4.0.2/sentinel_26381.conf |grep "^sentinel monitor"

※ 修改配置文件（从B）

# 相关文件位置： /soft/redis-4.0.2/sentinel_26382.conf # 修改哨兵端口：port sed -i 's/^port 26379/port 26382/g' /soft/redis-4.0.2/sentinel_26382.conf cat /soft/redis-4.0.2/sentinel_26382.conf |grep "^port 263" # 配置主服务器 sed -i 's/sentinel monitor mymaster 127.0.0.1 6379 2/sentinel monitor mymaster 127.0.0.1 6380 2/g' /soft/redis-4.0.2/sentinel_26382.conf cat /soft/redis-4.0.2/sentinel_26382.conf |grep "^sentinel monitor"

★ 启动所有哨兵 # 需要开启3个会话，分别执行挂起 /soft/redis-4.0.2/src/redis-sentinel /soft/redis-4.0.2/sentinel_26380.conf /soft/redis-4.0.2/src/redis-sentinel /soft/redis-4.0.2/sentinel_26381.conf /soft/redis-4.0.2/src/redis-sentinel /soft/redis-4.0.2/sentinel_26382.conf

★ 查看主从状态 echo "info replication" | /soft/redis-4.0.2/src/redis-cli -p 6380 |grep role echo "info replication" | /soft/redis-4.0.2/src/redis-cli -p 6381 |grep role echo "info replication" | /soft/redis-4.0.2/src/redis-cli -p 6382 |grep role

★ 查看状态详情 echo "info replication" | /soft/redis-4.0.2/src/redis-cli -p 6380 echo "info replication" | /soft/redis-4.0.2/src/redis-cli -p 6381 echo "info replication" | /soft/redis-4.0.2/src/redis-cli -p 6382 echo "info Sentinel" | /soft/redis-4.0.2/src/redis-cli -p 26380 echo "info Sentinel" | /soft/redis-4.0.2/src/redis-cli -p 26381 echo "info Sentinel" | /soft/redis-4.0.2/src/redis-cli -p 26382

★ 测试数据传输 # 插入/查看数据 echo "set zzt_01 'hello zzt'" | /soft/redis-4.0.2/src/redis-cli -p 6380 echo "get zzt_01" | /soft/redis-4.0.2/src/redis-cli -p 6380 echo "get zzt_01" | /soft/redis-4.0.2/src/redis-cli -p 6381 echo "get zzt_01" | /soft/redis-4.0.2/src/redis-cli -p 6382 # 清理数据 echo "del zzt_01" | /soft/redis-4.0.2/src/redis-cli -p 6380 echo "get zzt_01" | /soft/redis-4.0.2/src/redis-cli -p 6380

★ 测试从节点自动重启 该模式下，从节点重启后会自动加入主从，并且会自动同步主库数据

★ 测试主节点自动重启 哨兵会自动判断主节点状态，并重新选举主节点； 原主节点重启后会自动以从的身份加入主从 该模式的主从切换是自动的，所以一般推荐使用自动管理的哨兵模式

★ 测试某个哨兵实例自动重启 哨兵自动重启并不影响主从的自动选举和切换 哨兵自动重启后可以自动加入哨兵组  

★ 案例

※ 主从信息[root@main redis-4.0.2]# /soft/redis-4.0.2/src/redis-cli -p 6380127.0.0.1:6380> info # Serverredis_version:4.0.2redis_git_sha1:00000000redis_git_dirty:0redis_build_id:cd424730de8d0575redis_mode:standaloneos:Linux 2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64 x86_64arch_bits:64multiplexing_api:epollatomicvar_api:sync-builtingcc_version:4.4.6process_id:42813run_id:54f9160f14949b6d2fa23b0e5c03db717ac7caa5tcp_port:6380uptime_in_seconds:2248uptime_in_days:0hz:10lru_clock:3696251executable:/soft/redis-4.0.2/src/redis-serverconfig_file:/soft/redis-4.0.2/redis_6380.conf# Clientsconnected_clients:7client_longest_output_list:0client_biggest_input_buf:0blocked_clients:0# Memoryused_memory:2074094used_memory_human:1.98Mused_memory_rss:2732032used_memory_rss_human:2.61Mused_memory_peak:2154072used_memory_peak_human:2.05Mused_memory_peak_perc:96.29%used_memory_overhead:2068937used_memory_startup:835755used_memory_dataset:5157used_memory_dataset_perc:0.42%total_system_memory:4004020224total_system_memory_human:3.73Gused_memory_lua:37888used_memory_lua_human:37.00Kmaxmemory:0maxmemory_human:0Bmaxmemory_policy:noevictionmem_fragmentation_ratio:1.32mem_allocator:libcactive_defrag_running:0lazyfree_pending_objects:0# Persistenceloading:0rdb_changes_since_last_save:0rdb_bgsave_in_progress:0rdb_last_save_time:1614306740rdb_last_bgsave_status:okrdb_last_bgsave_time_sec:0rdb_current_bgsave_time_sec:-1rdb_last_cow_size:204800aof_enabled:0aof_rewrite_in_progress:0aof_rewrite_scheduled:0aof_last_rewrite_time_sec:-1aof_current_rewrite_time_sec:-1aof_last_bgrewrite_status:okaof_last_write_status:okaof_last_cow_size:0# Statstotal_connections_received:13total_commands_processed:6346instantaneous_ops_per_sec:5total_net_input_bytes:260328total_net_output_bytes:805031instantaneous_input_kbps:0.27instantaneous_output_kbps:4.29rejected_connections:0sync_full:2sync_partial_ok:0sync_partial_err:2expired_keys:0evicted_keys:0keyspace_hits:1keyspace_misses:0pubsub_channels:1pubsub_patterns:0latest_fork_usec:183migrate_cached_sockets:0slave_expires_tracked_keys:0active_defrag_hits:0active_defrag_misses:0active_defrag_key_hits:0active_defrag_key_misses:0# Replicationrole:masterconnected_slaves:2slave0:ip=127.0.0.1,port=6381,state=online,offset=80670,lag=0slave1:ip=127.0.0.1,port=6382,state=online,offset=80537,lag=1master_replid:d38df8987f4ebac447df143c0da5bb48db2ace72master_replid2:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000master_repl_offset:80670second_repl_offset:-1repl_backlog_active:1repl_backlog_size:1048576repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:1repl_backlog_histlen:80670# CPUused_cpu_sys:2.79used_cpu_user:0.97used_cpu_sys_children:0.00used_cpu_user_children:0.00# Clustercluster_enabled:0# Keyspacedb0:keys=1,expires=0,avg_ttl=0※ 哨兵信息[root@main redis-4.0.2]# /soft/redis-4.0.2/src/redis-cli -p 26380127.0.0.1:26380> info# Serverredis_version:4.0.2redis_git_sha1:00000000redis_git_dirty:0redis_build_id:cd424730de8d0575redis_mode:sentinelos:Linux 2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64 x86_64arch_bits:64multiplexing_api:epollatomicvar_api:sync-builtingcc_version:4.4.6process_id:46908run_id:6c4bac04c26736cd49cdcaaa26738629c97f3693tcp_port:26380uptime_in_seconds:296uptime_in_days:0hz:17lru_clock:3696135executable:/soft/redis-4.0.2/src/redis-sentinelconfig_file:/soft/redis-4.0.2/sentinel_26380.conf# Clientsconnected_clients:3client_longest_output_list:0client_biggest_input_buf:0blocked_clients:0# CPUused_cpu_sys:0.72used_cpu_user:0.16used_cpu_sys_children:0.00used_cpu_user_children:0.00# Statstotal_connections_received:5total_commands_processed:818instantaneous_ops_per_sec:2total_net_input_bytes:43915total_net_output_bytes:5224instantaneous_input_kbps:0.12instantaneous_output_kbps:0.01rejected_connections:0sync_full:0sync_partial_ok:0sync_partial_err:0expired_keys:0evicted_keys:0keyspace_hits:0keyspace_misses:0pubsub_channels:0pubsub_patterns:0latest_fork_usec:0migrate_cached_sockets:0slave_expires_tracked_keys:0active_defrag_hits:0active_defrag_misses:0active_defrag_key_hits:0active_defrag_key_misses:0# Sentinelsentinel_masters:1sentinel_tilt:0sentinel_running_scripts:0sentinel_scripts_queue_length:0sentinel_simulate_failure_flags:0master0:name=mymaster,status=ok,address=127.0.0.1:6380,slaves=2,sentinels=3127.0.0.1:26380> ※ 插入/查看数据[root@main ~]# echo "set zzt_01 'hello zzt'" | /soft/redis-4.0.2/src/redis-cli -p 6380OK[root@main ~]# echo "get zzt_01" | /soft/redis-4.0.2/src/redis-cli -p 6380"hello zzt"[root@main ~]# echo "get zzt_01" | /soft/redis-4.0.2/src/redis-cli -p 6381"hello zzt"[root@main ~]# echo "get zzt_01" | /soft/redis-4.0.2/src/redis-cli -p 6382"hello zzt"

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