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# coding: utf-8# ## get请求# In[4]:import requestsresponse = requests.get('http://news.qq.com/')type(response)# In[5]:response.status_code# In[8]:response.text# In[10]:response.cookies# In[12]:response.encoding# In[15]:response.headers# In[21]:# response.json() # json 格式的数据(eg:dict)# In[38]:response.url# In[34]:# 带参数的get 请求data = {    'name' : 'peerslee',    'gender' : 'M'}response = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/get', params=data)response.text# In[35]:# 解析jsonresponse = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/get')response.json()# In[37]:# 二进制数据response = requests.get('https://www.baidu.com/img/bd_logo1.png')print(type(response.text), type(response.content))with open(file='bd_logo.png', mode='wb') as f:    f.write(response.content)# ## post 请求# In[27]:payload = {'key1' : 'value1', 'key2' : 'value2'}'''User-Agent : 有些服务器或 Proxy 会通过该值来判断是否是浏览器发出的请求Content-Type : 在使用 REST 接口时，服务器会检查该值，用来确定 HTTP Body 中的内容该怎样解析。application/xml ： 在 XML RPC，如 RESTful/SOAP 调用时使用application/json ： 在 JSON RPC 调用时使用application/x-www-form-urlencoded ： 浏览器提交 Web 表单时使用使用服务器提供的 RESTful 或 SOAP 服务时: Content-Type 设置错误会导致服务器拒绝服务'''headers = {    'User-Agent' : 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/59.0.3071.109 Safari/537.36'}response = requests.post('http://httpbin.org/post', data=payload, headers=headers)response.text# In[29]:# 一个key 对应多个valuepayload = [('key1', 'value1'), ('key1', 'value2')]response = requests.post('http://httpbin.org/post', data=payload)response.text# In[39]:# 传入一个string 而不是 dictimport jsonpayload = {'key': 'value'}response = requests.post('http://httpbin.org/post', data=json.dumps(payload))response.text# In[53]:# 状态码'''# Informational.    100: ('continue',),    101: ('switching_protocols',),    102: ('processing',),    103: ('checkpoint',),    122: ('uri_too_long', 'request_uri_too_long'),    200: ('ok', 'okay', 'all_ok', 'all_okay', 'all_good', '\\o/', '✓'),    201: ('created',),    202: ('accepted',),    203: ('non_authoritative_info', 'non_authoritative_information'),    204: ('no_content',),    205: ('reset_content', 'reset'),    206: ('partial_content', 'partial'),    207: ('multi_status', 'multiple_status', 'multi_stati', 'multiple_stati'),    208: ('already_reported',),    226: ('im_used',),    # Redirection.    300: ('multiple_choices',),    301: ('moved_permanently', 'moved', '\\o-'),    302: ('found',),    303: ('see_other', 'other'),    304: ('not_modified',),    305: ('use_proxy',),    306: ('switch_proxy',),    307: ('temporary_redirect', 'temporary_moved', 'temporary'),    308: ('permanent_redirect',          'resume_incomplete', 'resume',),  # These 2 to be removed in 3.0    # Client Error.    400: ('bad_request', 'bad'),    401: ('unauthorized',),    402: ('payment_required', 'payment'),    403: ('forbidden',),    404: ('not_found', '-o-'),    405: ('method_not_allowed', 'not_allowed'),    406: ('not_acceptable',),    407: ('proxy_authentication_required', 'proxy_auth', 'proxy_authentication'),    408: ('request_timeout', 'timeout'),    409: ('conflict',),    410: ('gone',),    411: ('length_required',),    412: ('precondition_failed', 'precondition'),    413: ('request_entity_too_large',),    414: ('request_uri_too_large',),    415: ('unsupported_media_type', 'unsupported_media', 'media_type'),    416: ('requested_range_not_satisfiable', 'requested_range', 'range_not_satisfiable'),    417: ('expectation_failed',),    418: ('im_a_teapot', 'teapot', 'i_am_a_teapot'),    421: ('misdirected_request',),    422: ('unprocessable_entity', 'unprocessable'),    423: ('locked',),    424: ('failed_dependency', 'dependency'),    425: ('unordered_collection', 'unordered'),    426: ('upgrade_required', 'upgrade'),    428: ('precondition_required', 'precondition'),    429: ('too_many_requests', 'too_many'),    431: ('header_fields_too_large', 'fields_too_large'),    444: ('no_response', 'none'),    449: ('retry_with', 'retry'),    450: ('blocked_by_windows_parental_controls', 'parental_controls'),    451: ('unavailable_for_legal_reasons', 'legal_reasons'),    499: ('client_closed_request',),    # Server Error.    500: ('internal_server_error', 'server_error', '/o\\', '✗'),    501: ('not_implemented',),    502: ('bad_gateway',),    503: ('service_unavailable', 'unavailable'),    504: ('gateway_timeout',),    505: ('http_version_not_supported', 'http_version'),    506: ('variant_also_negotiates',),    507: ('insufficient_storage',),    509: ('bandwidth_limit_exceeded', 'bandwidth'),    510: ('not_extended',),    511: ('network_authentication_required', 'network_auth', 'network_authentication'),'''response = requests.get('http://news.qq.com/')print(response.status_code, requests.codes.ok) if response.status_code == requests.codes.ok else print('error')# In[76]:response = requests.get('http://www.jianshu.com/xxx')print(response.status_code) if response.status_code == requests.codes.not_found else print('error')# In[78]:# 上传文件files = {'file' : open('bd_logo.png', 'rb')}response = requests.post('http://httpbin.org/post', files=files)response.text# In[81]:# 会话，不用维护cookie，headers 等s = requests.Session()s.get('http://httpbin.org/cookies/set/number/12.35')s.get('http://httpbin.org/cookies').text# In[86]:# 证书验证from requests.packages import urllib3urllib3.disable_warnings() # 消除warningresponse = requests.get('http://www.12306.cn/', verify=False) # 虽然已经没有证书错误，但是依然拿他举例response.status_code# ## 高级用法# In[ ]:'''1. 代理2. 超时3. 认证4. 异常处理'''见官方api "http://docs.python-requests.org/zh_CN/latest/user/advanced.html"

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