本文共 22011 字，大约阅读时间需要 73 分钟。

前言

上一步，向虚拟机里面加了新硬盘，检查了环境，补全了LFS编译要用到的组件。

这一步，将新加入的硬盘分区，并挂载。 手册中并没有详细描述这步，花了一天看了linux howto 中的分区资料，又用了一天做实验。 现在对新硬盘分区和自动挂载实现了。 在做这步时，对fdisk的使用，编辑/etc/fstab，已经清楚了。 这步在日常任务中用的是最少的，就像刚开始玩windows，每个月都要重装windows. 现在，几年都不做一次。

实验

查看分区

要对新加入的硬盘进行分区，或对已有的硬盘进行重新分区。得先看看硬盘有没有分区信息。

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdbDisk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x73ba496a   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System/dev/sdb1   *           1          50      401593+  83  Linux/dev/sdb2              51          67      136552+  82  Linux swap / Solaris/dev/sdb3              68         117      401625   83  Linux/dev/sdb4             118        2610    20025022+  83  Linux

删除分区

如果目标硬盘上有分区信息，清掉，重新分区。

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# 删除分区#   如果是新加的没格式化的硬盘就不用这步, 得保证分区前, 没有任何分区#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdbWARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to         switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to         sectors (command 'u').# m命令是帮助，列出了所有可用的命令Command (m for help): mCommand action   a   toggle a bootable flag   b   edit bsd disklabel   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag   d   delete a partition   l   list known partition types   m   print this menu   n   add a new partition   o   create a new empty DOS partition table   p   print the partition table   q   quit without saving changes   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel   t   change a partition's system id   u   change display/entry units   v   verify the partition table   w   write table to disk and exit   x   extra functionality (experts only)

显示分区信息

Command (m for help): pDisk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x73ba496a   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System/dev/sdb1   *           1          50      401593+  83  Linux/dev/sdb2              51          67      136552+  82  Linux swap / Solaris/dev/sdb3              68         117      401625   83  Linux/dev/sdb4             118        2610    20025022+  83  Linux

删除分区

按照p命令显示出来得分区顺序，用d命令，输入分区序号，删除分区

Command (m for help): dPartition number (1-4): 1Command (m for help): dPartition number (1-4): 2Command (m for help): dPartition number (1-4): 3Command (m for help): dSelected partition 4Command (m for help): p

确认删除后的分区信息

应该是看到没有任何分区信息才对。

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x73ba496a   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  SystemCommand (m for help): wThe partition table has been altered!Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.Syncing disks.

保存并退出fdisk

Command (m for help): wThe partition table has been altered!Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.Syncing disks.

在fdisk之外，再确认下分区信息没有了

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdbDisk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x73ba496a   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

规划硬盘分区划分

新加的虚拟硬盘是20GB, 参照LFS7.7手册和Linux Partition HOWTO, 计划分区信息如下：

硬盘容量为20GB主分区一个    * /boot 200M扩展分区一个(硬盘剩下的容量全分给他)    * /         1GB (total size + 1 = 1GB)    * /swap     2GB (total size + 2 = 3GB)    * /var      4GB (total size + 4 = 7GB)    * /usr      2GB (total size + 2 = 9GB)    * /opt      2GB (total size + 2 = 11GB)    * /tmp      4GB (total size + 4 = 15GB)    * /usr/src  2GB (total size + 2 = 17GB)    * /home     3GB (total size + 3 = 20GB) (尽可能多，将剩下的扩展分区都给/home)

开始划分新分区

查看设备信息

[root@localhost ~]# ls -lF --color /dev/sdbbrw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 16 4月  15 18:55 /dev/sdb设备信息brw-rw----.   1        root     disk    8,                   16                   4月  15 18:55 /dev/sdbpermissions   unknown  owner    group   major device number  minor device number  date          device name

查看分区类型, 先记录下来(fdisk 具体硬盘时l命令也可以看)

主要看82,83, 是新版linux的分区类型

82 Linux swap / Solaris 83 Linux

[root@localhost ~]# /sbin/sfdisk -TId  Name 0  Empty 1  FAT12 2  XENIX root 3  XENIX usr 4  FAT16 <32M 5  Extended 6  FAT16 7  HPFS/NTFS 8  AIX 9  AIX bootable a  OS/2 Boot Manager b  W95 FAT32 c  W95 FAT32 (LBA) e  W95 FAT16 (LBA) f  W95 Ext'd (LBA)10  OPUS11  Hidden FAT1212  Compaq diagnostics14  Hidden FAT16 <32M16  Hidden FAT1617  Hidden HPFS/NTFS18  AST SmartSleep1b  Hidden W95 FAT321c  Hidden W95 FAT32 (LBA)1e  Hidden W95 FAT16 (LBA)24  NEC DOS39  Plan 93c  PartitionMagic recovery40  Venix 8028641  PPC PReP Boot42  SFS4d  QNX4.x4e  QNX4.x 2nd part4f  QNX4.x 3rd part50  OnTrack DM51  OnTrack DM6 Aux152  CP/M53  OnTrack DM6 Aux354  OnTrackDM655  EZ-Drive56  Golden Bow5c  Priam Edisk61  SpeedStor63  GNU HURD or SysV64  Novell Netware 28665  Novell Netware 38670  DiskSecure Multi-Boot75  PC/IX80  Old Minix81  Minix / old Linux82  Linux swap / Solaris83  Linux84  OS/2 hidden C: drive85  Linux extended86  NTFS volume set87  NTFS volume set88  Linux plaintext8e  Linux LVM93  Amoeba94  Amoeba BBT9f  BSD/OSa0  IBM Thinkpad hibernationa5  FreeBSDa6  OpenBSDa7  NeXTSTEPa8  Darwin UFSa9  NetBSDab  Darwin bootaf  HFS / HFS+b7  BSDI fsb8  BSDI swapbb  Boot Wizard hiddenbe  Solaris bootbf  Solarisc1  DRDOS/sec (FAT-12)c4  DRDOS/sec (FAT-16 < 32M)c6  DRDOS/sec (FAT-16)c7  Syrinxda  Non-FS datadb  CP/M / CTOS / ...de  Dell Utilitydf  BootIte1  DOS accesse3  DOS R/Oe4  SpeedStoreb  BeOS fsee  GPTef  EFI (FAT-12/16/32)f0  Linux/PA-RISC bootf1  SpeedStorf4  SpeedStorf2  DOS secondaryfb  VMware VMFSfc  VMware VMKCOREfd  Linux raid autodetectfe  LANstepff  BBT

开始按照分区规划, 使用fdisk划分/dev/sdb的分区信息

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdbWARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to         switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to         sectors (command 'u').# 先看一下现有分区信息, 前面已经将分区信息删了，现在整个硬盘没有分区信息Command (m for help): pDisk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x73ba496a   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

# 主分区一个#   * /boot 200MCommand (m for help): nCommand action   e   extended   p   primary partition (1-4)pPartition number (1-4): 1First cylinder (1-2610, default 1): 1Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-2610, default 2610): +200M

# 扩展分区一个(硬盘剩下的容量全分给他)Command (m for help): nCommand action   e   extended   p   primary partition (1-4)ePartition number (1-4): 2First cylinder (27-2610, default 27): Using default value 27Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (27-2610, default 2610): Using default value 2610

#   * /         1GB (total size + 1 = 1GB)Command (m for help): nCommand action   l   logical (5 or over)   p   primary partition (1-4)lFirst cylinder (27-2610, default 27): Using default value 27Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (27-2610, default 2610): +1G

#   * /swap     2GB (total size + 2 = 3GB)Command (m for help): nCommand action   l   logical (5 or over)   p   primary partition (1-4)lFirst cylinder (159-2610, default 159): Using default value 159Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (159-2610, default 2610): +2G

#   * /var      4GB (total size + 4 = 7GB)Command (m for help): nCommand action   l   logical (5 or over)   p   primary partition (1-4)lFirst cylinder (421-2610, default 421): Using default value 421Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (421-2610, default 2610): +4G

#   * /usr      2GB (total size + 2 = 9GB)Command (m for help): nCommand action   l   logical (5 or over)   p   primary partition (1-4)lFirst cylinder (944-2610, default 944): Using default value 944Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (944-2610, default 2610): +2G

#   * /opt      2GB (total size + 2 = 11GB)Command (m for help): nCommand action   l   logical (5 or over)   p   primary partition (1-4)lFirst cylinder (1206-2610, default 1206): Using default value 1206Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1206-2610, default 2610): +2G

#   * /tmp      4GB (total size + 4 = 15GB)Command (m for help): nCommand action   l   logical (5 or over)   p   primary partition (1-4)lFirst cylinder (1468-2610, default 1468): Using default value 1468Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1468-2610, default 2610): +4G

#   * /usr/src  2GB (total size + 2 = 17GB)Command (m for help): nCommand action   l   logical (5 or over)   p   primary partition (1-4)lFirst cylinder (1991-2610, default 1991): Using default value 1991Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1991-2610, default 2610): +2G

#   * /home     3GB (total size + 3 = 20GB) (尽可能多，将剩下的扩展分区都给/home)Command (m for help): nCommand action   l   logical (5 or over)   p   primary partition (1-4)lFirst cylinder (2253-2610, default 2253): Using default value 2253# 留一个柱面(准备给扩展分区上标签用, 实验发现，无法给扩展分区上标签，只能给逻辑分区上标签)Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (2253-2610, default 2610): 2609

设置硬盘第一个分区为可启动

* 将第一个分区设置为启动分区Command (m for help): aPartition number (1-12): 1

查看分好的分区信息

Command (m for help): pDisk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x73ba496a   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System/dev/sdb1   *           1          26      208813+  83  Linux/dev/sdb2              27        2610    20755980    5  Extended/dev/sdb5              27         158     1060258+  83  Linux/dev/sdb6             159         420     2104483+  83  Linux/dev/sdb7             421         943     4200966   83  Linux/dev/sdb8             944        1205     2104483+  83  Linux/dev/sdb9            1206        1467     2104483+  83  Linux/dev/sdb10           1468        1990     4200966   83  Linux/dev/sdb11           1991        2252     2104483+  83  Linux/dev/sdb12           2253        2609     2867571   83  Linux

保存修改并退出fdisk

Command (m for help): wThe partition table has been altered!Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.Syncing disks.

在fdisk外部查看分区信息

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdbDisk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x73ba496a   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System/dev/sdb1   *           1          26      208813+  83  Linux/dev/sdb2              27        2610    20755980    5  Extended/dev/sdb5              27         158     1060258+  83  Linux/dev/sdb6             159         420     2104483+  83  Linux/dev/sdb7             421         943     4200966   83  Linux/dev/sdb8             944        1205     2104483+  83  Linux/dev/sdb9            1206        1467     2104483+  83  Linux/dev/sdb10           1468        1990     4200966   83  Linux/dev/sdb11           1991        2252     2104483+  83  Linux/dev/sdb12           2253        2609     2867571   83  Linux

整理分区和目录(挂载点)的对应关系

硬盘容量为20GB主分区   /dev/sdb1 * /boot     200M                        1       26      208813+     83  Linux扩展分区 /dev/sdb2                                          27      2610    20755980    5   Extended逻辑分区 /dev/sdb5  * /         1GB (total size + 1 = 1GB)  27      158     1060258+    83  Linux逻辑分区 /dev/sdb6  * /swap     2GB (total size + 2 = 3GB)  159     420     2104483+    83  Linux逻辑分区 /dev/sdb7  * /var      4GB (total size + 4 = 7GB)  421     943     4200966     83  Linux逻辑分区 /dev/sdb8  * /usr      2GB (total size + 2 = 9GB)  944     1205    2104483+    83  Linux逻辑分区 /dev/sdb9  * /opt      2GB (total size + 2 = 11GB) 1206    1467    2104483+    83  Linux逻辑分区 /dev/sdb10 * /tmp      4GB (total size + 4 = 15GB) 1468    1990    4200966     83  Linux逻辑分区 /dev/sdb11 * /usr/src  2GB (total size + 2 = 17GB) 1991    2252    2104483+    83  Linux逻辑分区 /dev/sdb12 * /home     3GB (total size + 3 = 20GB) 2253    2609    2867571  83 Linux

格式化分区

如果要反复做实验, 这步还是写个.sh方便.

相关的分区类型80  Old Minix81  Minix / old Linux82  Linux swap / Solaris83  Linux# 只有交换分区类型是82(Linux swap), 其他分区类型是83(Linux)mkfs.ext4 -T 83 /dev/sdb1# mke2fs -T 83 -L lfs_ext /dev/sdb2 # 扩展分区无法用e2label来设置标签mkfs.ext4 -T 83 /dev/sdb5mkfs.ext4 -T 82 /dev/sdb6mkswap -f /dev/sdb6swapon /dev/sdb6mkfs.ext4 -T 83 /dev/sdb7mkfs.ext4 -T 83 /dev/sdb8mkfs.ext4 -T 83 /dev/sdb9mkfs.ext4 -T 83 /dev/sdb10mkfs.ext4 -T 83 /dev/sdb11mkfs.ext4 -T 83 /dev/sdb12

给分区上标签(必须在格式化分区后才有效)

e2label /dev/sdb1 lfs_boot# e2label /dev/sdb2 lfs_ext # 扩展分区无法用e2label来设置标签e2label /dev/sdb5 lfs_root# e2label /dev/sdb6 lfs_swap # 交换分区没有labele2label /dev/sdb7 lfs_vare2label /dev/sdb8 lfs_usre2label /dev/sdb9 lfs_opte2label /dev/sdb10 lfs_tmpe2label /dev/sdb11 lfs_usr_srce2label /dev/sdb12 lfs_home

查看设备标签

[root@localhost dev]# ls -l /dev/disk/by-label总用量 0lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root  9 4月  15 19:59 CentOS_6.9_Final -> ../../sr0lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 4月  15 21:53 lfs_boot -> ../../sdb1lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 11 4月  15 21:54 lfs_home -> ../../sdb12lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 4月  15 21:53 lfs_opt -> ../../sdb9lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 4月  15 21:53 lfs_root -> ../../sdb5lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 11 4月  15 21:53 lfs_tmp -> ../../sdb10lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 4月  15 21:53 lfs_usr -> ../../sdb8lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 11 4月  15 21:53 lfs_usr_src -> ../../sdb11lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 4月  15 22:05 lfs_var -> ../../sdb7

查看设备挂载点

[root@localhost ~]# lsblkNAME                        MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTsr0                          11:0    1   408M  0 rom  sdb                           8:16   0    20G  0 disk ├─sdb1                        8:17   0 203.9M  0 part ├─sdb2                        8:18   0     1K  0 part ├─sdb5                        8:21   0     1G  0 part ├─sdb6                        8:22   0     2G  0 part ├─sdb7                        8:23   0     4G  0 part ├─sdb8                        8:24   0     2G  0 part ├─sdb9                        8:25   0     2G  0 part ├─sdb10                       8:26   0     4G  0 part ├─sdb11                       8:27   0     2G  0 part └─sdb12                       8:28   0   2.8G  0 part sda                           8:0    0    20G  0 disk ├─sda1                        8:1    0   500M  0 part /boot└─sda2                        8:2    0  19.5G  0 part   ├─VolGroup-lv_root (dm-0) 253:0    0  17.5G  0 lvm  /  └─VolGroup-lv_swap (dm-1) 253:1    0     2G  0 lvm  [SWAP]sdc                           8:32   0    30G  0 disk

手工挂载分区

如果是反复做实验，这步也要做.sh才方便

export LFS=/mnt/lfsmkdir -pv $LFS/bootmount -v -t ext4 /dev/sdb1 $LFS/bootmkdir -pv $LFS/rootmount -v -t ext4 /dev/sdb5 $LFS/rootmkdir -pv $LFS/varmount -v -t ext4 /dev/sdb7 $LFS/varmkdir -pv $LFS/usrmount -v -t ext4 /dev/sdb8 $LFS/usrmkdir -pv $LFS/optmount -v -t ext4 /dev/sdb9 $LFS/optmkdir -pv $LFS/tmpmount -v -t ext4 /dev/sdb10 $LFS/tmpmkdir -pv $LFS/usr/srcmount -v -t ext4 /dev/sdb11 $LFS/usr/srcmkdir -pv $LFS/homemount -v -t ext4 /dev/sdb12 $LFS/home

手工卸载分区(重新做实验的时候才需要执行)

这步只是记录一下，正常情况下，只需要挂载，不需要卸载设备.

# 如果卸载不掉，去根目录再卸载一次.# 如果还是卸载不掉，用lsof命令看下谁在用设备# if no lsof command, run => yum install lsof

umount -v /dev/sdb1umount -v /dev/sdb5umount -v /dev/sdb7umount -v /dev/sdb8umount -v /dev/sdb9umount -v /dev/sdb10umount -v /dev/sdb11umount -v /dev/sdb12

查看已经挂载的设备信息

确认下挂载脚本写错没有. 设备挂载的目录必须事先建立好，设备必须存在，已经分区，格式化好

[root@localhost dev]# cat /etc/mtab /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root / ext4 rw 0 0proc /proc proc rw 0 0sysfs /sys sysfs rw 0 0devpts /dev/pts devpts rw,gid=5,mode=620 0 0tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs rw,rootcontext="system_u:object_r:tmpfs_t:s0" 0 0/dev/sda1 /boot ext4 rw 0 0none /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc binfmt_misc rw 0 0/dev/sdb1 /lfs/boot ext4 rw 0 0/dev/sdb5 /lfs/root ext4 rw 0 0/dev/sdb7 /lfs/var ext4 rw 0 0/dev/sdb8 /lfs/usr ext4 rw 0 0/dev/sdb9 /lfs/opt ext4 rw 0 0/dev/sdb10 /lfs/tmp ext4 rw 0 0/dev/sdb11 /lfs/usr/src ext4 rw 0 0/dev/sdb12 /lfs/home ext4 rw 0 0

查看设备容量占用情况

刚分区，格式化后的设备，设备容量占用为1%.

[root@localhost dev]# df -iFilesystem            Inodes IUsed   IFree IUse% Mounted on/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root                     1148304 28380 1119924    3% /tmpfs                 488561     1  488560    1% /dev/shm/dev/sda1             128016    38  127978    1% /boot/dev/sdb1              13056    11   13045    1% /lfs/boot/dev/sdb5              66384    11   66373    1% /lfs/root/dev/sdb7             262944    11  262933    1% /lfs/var/dev/sdb8             131648    12  131636    1% /lfs/usr/dev/sdb9             131648    11  131637    1% /lfs/opt/dev/sdb10            262944    11  262933    1% /lfs/tmp/dev/sdb11            131648    11  131637    1% /lfs/usr/src/dev/sdb12            179520    11  179509    1% /lfs/home

准备自动挂载设备

查看设备信息(卷标, UUID)

dumpe2fs -h /dev/sdb1dumpe2fs -h /dev/sdb5# 交换分区没有UUIDdumpe2fs -h /dev/sdb7dumpe2fs -h /dev/sdb8dumpe2fs -h /dev/sdb9dumpe2fs -h /dev/sdb10dumpe2fs -h /dev/sdb11dumpe2fs -h /dev/sdb12

修改/etc/fstab，实现自动挂载设备

修改完的/etc/fstab文件如下

[root@localhost dev]# cat /etc/fstab## /etc/fstab# Created by anaconda on Thu Apr 12 08:31:10 2018## Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info## column1 = device_name, label or UUID (use dumpe2fs -h /dev/sdbx get it)# column2 = mount point# column3 = file system type. e.g. ext4# column4 = parameter of file system. e.g. defaults# column5 = if backup by dump. e.g. 0 = no backup by dump# column6 = if verify disk section on OS boot. e.g. 0 = no verify## if want modify /etc/fstab, do below# umount /dev/whatever# modify and save /etc/fstab# mount -a/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root              /                  ext4    defaults        1 1UUID=5fea821f-b2bc-4cde-9ec2-a6e176aa7d08 /boot              ext4    defaults        1 2/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap              swap               swap    defaults        0 0tmpfs                                     /dev/shm           tmpfs   defaults        0 0devpts                                    /dev/pts           devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0sysfs                                     /sys               sysfs   defaults        0 0proc                                      /proc              proc    defaults        0 0## why not lable not exist by OS?## /dev/sdb1 label = lfs_boot, mount to => /mnt/lfs/boot# lfs_boot                                  /mnt/lfs/boot      ext4    defaults        0 0# /dev/sdb1                                  /mnt/lfs/boot      ext4    defaults        0 0# /dev/sdb5 label = lfs_root, mount to => /mnt/lfs/root# lfs_root                                  /mnt/lfs/root      ext4    defaults        0 0/dev/sdb5                                  /mnt/lfs/root      ext4    defaults        0 0# /dev/sdb6 is swap/dev/sdb6                                 swap               swap    defaults        0 0# /dev/sdb7 label = lfs_var, mount to => /mnt/lfs/var# lfs_var                                  /mnt/lfs/var        ext4    defaults        0 0/dev/sdb7                                  /mnt/lfs/var        ext4    defaults        0 0# /dev/sdb8 label = lfs_usr, mount to => /mnt/lfs/usr# lfs_usr                                  /mnt/lfs/usr        ext4    defaults        0 0/dev/sdb8                                  /mnt/lfs/usr        ext4    defaults        0 0# /dev/sdb9 label = lfs_opt, mount to => /mnt/lfs/opt# lfs_opt                                  /mnt/lfs/opt        ext4    defaults        0 0/dev/sdb9                                  /mnt/lfs/opt        ext4    defaults        0 0# /dev/sdb10 label = lfs_tmp, mount to => /mnt/lfs/tmp# lfs_tmp                                  /mnt/lfs/tmp        ext4    defaults        0 0/dev/sdb10                                  /mnt/lfs/tmp        ext4    defaults        0 0# /dev/sdb11 label = lfs_usr_src, mount to => /mnt/lfs/usr/src# lfs_usr_src                              /mnt/lfs/usr/src    ext4    defaults        0 0/dev/sdb11                                 /mnt/lfs/usr/src    ext4    defaults        0 0# /dev/sdb12 label = lfs_home, mount to => /mnt/lfs/home# lfs_home                                 /mnt/lfs/home       ext4    defaults        0 0/dev/sdb12                                 /mnt/lfs/home       ext4    defaults        0 0

临时挂载验证

如果/etc/fstab没写错，用’mount -a’命令后，设备就都挂载上了。

如果/etc/fstab写错了，用’mount -a’命令后, 有错误提示，可以根据提示修改/etc/fstab后，再重新’mount -a’

mount -a

查看设备挂载情况

[root@localhost dev]# mount/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root on / type ext4 (rw)proc on /proc type proc (rw)sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,rootcontext="system_u:object_r:tmpfs_t:s0")/dev/sda1 on /boot type ext4 (rw)none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)/dev/sdb1 on /mnt/lfs/boot type ext4 (rw)/dev/sdb5 on /mnt/lfs/root type ext4 (rw)/dev/sdb7 on /mnt/lfs/var type ext4 (rw)/dev/sdb8 on /mnt/lfs/usr type ext4 (rw)/dev/sdb9 on /mnt/lfs/opt type ext4 (rw)/dev/sdb10 on /mnt/lfs/tmp type ext4 (rw)/dev/sdb11 on /mnt/lfs/usr/src type ext4 (rw)/dev/sdb12 on /mnt/lfs/home type ext4 (rw)

重新启动后再验证设备挂载情况

rebootor shutdown -r now

设备自动挂载完成

只要’mount -a’能挂上所有设备，OS重启后，也能自动挂载上/etc/fstab中描述的所有设备.

备注

在/etc/fstab中开始是指定lable作为挂载的设备名称，但是不好使。

现在用的是/dev/sdbx, 这样有问题，等系统做好后，能自己跑时(将宿主系统拿掉了)，会变为/dev/sdax. 这个设备名称要换成UUID才靠谱v，后续实验再改进。

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